Political science, the study of politics, examines the acquisition and application of power. Related areas of study include political philosophy, which seeks a rationale for politics and an ethic of public behaviour, political economy, which attempts to develop understandings of the relationships between politics and the economy and the governance of the two, and public administration, which examines the practices of governance. Political science help and find solution of political reform for sustainable human development, justice, and stop political corruption and dictatorship.

The government is a contrivance of human wisdom to provide for human wants. Governments have a wide range of possible actions.

• Governments establish rules. Governments set the rules by which they and other organisations (like companies or charities) operate.
• Governments coerce.Governments can prohibit action (such as child abuse), or require some forms of action (such as sending children to school).
• Governments provide or purchase services. Provision means that states provide services themselves. Public housing, national health services or state education are examples. Purchasing services implies that the state accepts responsibility for ensuring provision, but that the service can be obtained from another agency.
• Governments subsidise.Subsidy consists of a financial inducement to act in a particular way, which may be a reward for doing things (e.g. increasing employment), a form of compensation , or an incentive to do things. Tax can be used in the opposite direction, as a negative subsidy - e.g. to deter people from smoking.
• Governments persuade. Examples are propaganda, exhortation and directed education.
• Governments plan. Governments 'steer' a society by watching and adjusting policy.
• Governments produce. Like independent organisations, governments may offer services to customers - e.g. insurance, banking or commercial production. There is no rule which says that government activity has to be tax-based or financed.